Rear Window and Vertigo essays

Rear Window and Vertigo essays Janet Leigh Taking a shower, Tippi Hedren hiding from a flock of crazed fowls in a phone booth; James Stewart and Farley Granger wrestling over a gun; Cary Grant lying low as a crop Duster flies by mere feet overhead; Doris Day singing Que Sera Sera at the top of her lungs: these images bring to mind the classic obese silhouette which could belong only to one person-Alfred Hitchcock. For decades, director Alfred Hitchcock has brought the world numerous films of suspense, romance and horror. While some moviegoers wrote him off as just another director looking to cash in on playing with peoples emotions, others saw him as an insightful man with a genuine interest in telling a good story that would speak truthfully to his audience. The characters in his films were true to life experiencing problems and emotions to which the audience could relate. Rear Window and Vertigo are two Hitchcock films in which the main character shows voyeuristic behavior, experiences relationship problems and suffers from some sort of a handicap, be it physical or psychological. In both Rear Window and Vertigo, the main character displays voyeuristic behavior. L.B. Jeff Jeffries displays his voyeuristic nature in Rear Window by spying on his neighbors. His behavior is, more or less, a displacement-Jeff (as he is called) prefers to watch his neighbors from a distance, rather than examine his own life. Ironically, Jeffs nurse at one point tells him, Weve become a race of Peeping Toms; what people ought to do is get outside their own house and look in, for a change, not realizing she has hit upon his exactly what Jeff is doing. Rather than focusing on his own less than perfect life, Jeff begins to live vicariously through the lives of his neighbors. John Scottie Ferguson, the hero Vertigo, has a similar problem with voyeurism. When an old high school friend, Gavin Elster appears and asks the aimless Scottie to put ...

Copernicium or Ununbium Facts - Cn or Element 112

Copernicium or Ununbium Facts - Cn or Element 112 Copernicium or UnunbiumBasic Facts Atomic Number: 112 Symbol: Cn Atomic Weight: [277] Discovery: Hofmann, Ninov et al. GSI-Germany 1996 Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 Name Origin: Named for Nicolaus Copernicus, who proposed the heliocentric solar system. The discoverers of copernicum wanted the elements name to honor a famous scientist who did not get much recognition during his own liferime. Also, Hofmann and his team wished to honor the importance of nuclear chemistry to other scientific fields, such as astrophysics. Properties: The chemistry of copernicum is expected to be similar to that of the elements zinc, cadmium, and mercury. In contrast to the lighter elements, element 112 decays after a fraction of a thousandth of a second by emitting alpha particles to first become an isotope of element 110 with atomic mass 273, and then an isotope of hassium with atomic mass 269. The decay chain has been followed for three more alpha-decays to fermium. Sources: Element 112 was produced by fusing (melting together) a zinc atom with a lead atom. The zinc atom was accelerated to high energies by a heavy ion accelerator and directed onto a lead target. Element Classification: Transition Metal References: Los Alamos National Laboratory (2001), Crescent Chemical Company (2001), Langes Handbook of Chemistry (1952), CRC Handbook of Chemistry Physics (18th Ed.) Periodic Table of the Elements

Case study Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Case study - Term Paper Example idemiologically, modifying hypotheses, if needed, comparing and reconciling with laboratory and/or environmental studies, implementing control and prevention measures, monitoring, and publishing or presenting findings In cases of gastrointestinal illness, such as the one given, there are a lot of differential diagnoses. Esophageal symptoms, although commonly due to gastroesophageal reflux disease and large idiopathic ulcers, can also be caused by Candida, Cytomegalovirus or Herpes simplex infection. Diarrhea, on the other hand, is usually by idiopathic/HIV enteropathy, or infection by Cytomegalovirus, Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter, Clostridium difficile, and Giardia lamblia. Meanwhile, hepatic disorders are caused by drug toxicity, hepatitis A, B or C infection, syphilis, Mycobacterium avium, Cryptococcus neoformans, Cytomegalovirus, Bartonella henselae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Biliary disorders can result from infection by Cryptosporidia, Mycobacterium avum, Microsporidia, and Cytomegalovirus, while pancreatitis can be due to drug toxicities or opportunistic infections (Marriot & Post, 2009). If an infection has occurred, the likely source of infection must be identified. modes of transmission: the possible ways, such as direct contact, inhalation, vehicle-borne, fecal-oral, and vector-borne, by which the pathogen is spread to one susceptible person to another. A vehicle is a mode of transmission using a non-living thing, in this case either water or food, which carried the bacteria, and led to its inoculation of susceptible individuals, while a vector is an organism, usually an insect such as mosquito, that carries the pathogen that causes the disease. Contact with a vector, like getting a mosquito bite, transmits the microorganism to an individual. If he or she is susceptible, development of disease ensues (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). To identify the most likely mode of transmission and the most plausible cause of the

Medicare Part D Policy Analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Medicare Part D Policy Analysis - Term Paper Example The program has received praises because it more affordable than the other Medicare programs; the program cuts into half the drug expenditures of beneficiaries. Like Medicare part B, Medicare part D is not mandatory. It is optional and has a cost that is to be paid by the beneficiaries on a monthly basis. Each beneficiary pays 25 percent of the coverage cost and federal government pays the remaining 75 per cent of the premium (Dallas, 2006). However, if a person initially rejects the program, he or she pays a late enrollment penalty to begin the program later. Medicare part D program provide a large list of approved drug plans for the beneficiaries to choose from. However, the plans do not cover all prescription drugs, thus it is important that the users choose a program that meets their needs. Goal One of the major goals of Medicare part D policy was to rely on the competition among private plans to control drug prices and drug spending. This was aimed at lowering the cost of prescr iption drugs in favor of the beneficiaries. However, although the program was developed with an aim of making medication more affordable, it is yet to achieve this goal because about half the total number of beneficiaries still complains of high costs of medications. Moreover, with the program having no authority to negotiate the prices with the drug agencies, this does not seem to be achievable (Neuman, Cubanski and Kimberly, 2008). Target Population of the Policy The Medicare part D policy or program targets all citizens of the United States of America who are above 65 years of age. However, those below 65 years can also be considered for the program but under certain critical medical conditions. For example, persons who need kidney transplant due to kidney failure (Medicare.org 2011). Enrollment To be eligible in part D plan, beneficiaries must affirmatively enroll for the program. Enrollment is done annually and it last from 15th October to 7th December. Eligible Medicare benefi ciaries who fail to enroll during this enrollment period pay a late enrollment penalty in order to receive the part D coverage. The penalty is often calculated from the national average premium and number of full calendar months they were not enrolled (Salzman, 2004). Eligibility People who eligible for Medicare part D are those already enrolled in both part A and B due to three different factors. One of the factors is the End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) which requires anyone suffering from such a disease to apply for Medicare part D coverage. Second is the age factor which argues hat part D applicants should be 65 years and above (Fincham, 2007). Lastly is disability factor which allows individuals with total disability to apply for the coverage. Generally, any person who is 65 years of age or above and has been a legal resident of the United States of America for at least five years is eligible for the Medicare part D coverage. People who have disabilities and are below 65 years ma y also be eligible if they receive Social Security Disability Insurance Benefits. However, if they stop receiving Social Security Disability Insurance, they lose eligibility to the part D Medicare (Barry, 2008). There are also particular medical conditions that may also enable people become eligible to enroll for the part D Medicare coverage. Persons eligible to prescription drug coverage under this plan must also be entitled to benefits under Medicare part A and B. Part D

Iran continues to bravely slam USA and its closest ally, Israel Essay Example for Free

Iran continues to bravely slam USA and its closest ally, Israel Essay The news is about the UN decision to invite President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran to the food summit in Rome Italy. It features the reaction of Israel’s President Shimon Peres claiming that Ahmadinejad’s appearance on the summit would distract attention from problems of hunger in the world. The reaction of President Perez stemmed from the statement of Iranian President that Israel was â€Å"doomed to go. † The news also quoted the statement of Rafsanjani, another top official of Iran stating that Iran and other Muslim nations must stop the USA from enslaving Iraqis. Rafsanjani commented that the US-led occupation of Iraq represents a danger to all nations of the region. He said that Washington and Baghdad try to put Iraq under their spell through a long-term security agreement but Rafsanjani contends that the essence of this agreement â€Å"is to turn Iraqis into slave before the Americans, if it is sealed† Rafsanjani stated that the Iraqi people and the Islamic nation will not allow it. † Both Ahmadinijad and Rafsanjani have been featured in many internet articles as loyal to Islamic fundamentalist cause. In fact, one those articles even went on to say that Ahmadinijad is a â€Å"self proclaimed religious fundamentalist. My opinion about the news is that Iran is simply attracting Islamic countries to rally behind their anti-Semitic stand. It is apparent that Islamic fundamentalist are deeply anti Semitic and are against the west not only in their export of western culture and western style democracy, but because the West are obviously supporting Israel. Ahmadinejad is taking advantage of every opportunity to express their views on US Israeli affairs before an international gathering obviously for its own propaganda designed to draw sympathy against the US. While it may be true that the US may its own interest in maintaining its presence in Iraq, but I would say that Mr. Rafsanjani statement is out of bounds intended only to make matters worse for the US, before the international audience. Iran probably has an axe to grind against the US because of its support to Iraq during Iran Iraq war. Arabs and Islamic Fundamentalist opinion has flamed against the United States because of its unwavering support to Israel who has dispossessed the Palestinians of their settlement in Jerusalem. Iran’s hatred of Israel is deeply enshrined in their nationalism and cultural emphasis. The statement therefore voiced by two of the highest Iranian officials is not based on objective criticism but is only a political ideology. Concerning the feeling of anti- Semitism, Iran is not alone in their hatred to Israel, as earlier century have seen the expulsion of the Jews in some countries like Spain and England, two of the many countries who expelled the Jews. All of those expulsion happened long before the Israeli- Palestinian conflict had started. However, Mr. Ahmadinejad must learn to recognize the danger of provoking the remaining super power to turn its back against Iran. Iran must look at the case of Iraq and try to figure out the worst-case scenario. Today, many countries are working very hard in the concept of globalization, and high technology equipment. These countries are today the fastest growing economies. For Iran to cache up with these developments, Iran should better stop thinking of annihilating the Jews, but start working cooperatively and mutually with every country particularly Israel and the United States.

Synaptic Transmitters Involved in LSD Administration :: Serotonin Psychology Essays

Synaptic Transmitters Involved in LSD Administration The nearly concurrent discovery of serotonin (5-HT) and LSD-25 in the 1950 's encouraged a lot of research to be done on the relationship between LSD and serotonin, which helped to develop a greater understanding of the role serotonin plays as a neurotransmitter in the brain (Nichols, 2004). Today it is believed that LSD (and other hallucinogens) stimulate 5-HT2A receptors (Kalat, 2004). Activation of these receptors causes cortical glutamate levels to increase. This is presumed to be a result of a "presynaptic receptor-mediated release" from neurons in the thalumus (Nichols, 2004). Early studies proposed that LSD antagonized the effects of serotonin on peripheral tissues. It was later proposed that the psychoactive properties of LSD may be a result of the blocking of serotonin receptors in the central nervous system (Nichols, 2004). This theory was short-lived however when it was discovered that a brominated derivative of LSD (BOL),a potent serotonin antagonist in peripheral tissues, was found to have essentially no LSD like effects. In 1961, Freedman found that systematic use of LSD elevated serotonin content in the brain (cited in Nichols, 2004). In a later study in 1967, Rosencrans, et al. reported that LSD also reduced brain levels of acetic acid (5-HIAA) (cited in Nichols, 2004). The combined findings of these two studies demonstrated that LSD decreased serotonin turnover in the brain. It is now widely accepted that hallucinogen action is primarily located on receptor 5-HT2A. In a study done in 1955, scientists found that daily administration of LSD resulted in an almost complete loss of sensitivity to the drug after 4 days. It is now believed that this is a result of 5-HT2A receptor down-regulation (cited in Nichols, 2004). In a later study published in 1985, it was found that daily LSD administration selectively decreased 5- HT2 receptor density in rat brains (Nichols, 2004). Studies have shown that activation of 5-HT2A receptors increase inhibitory post-synaptic potentials. However, when compared to serotonin, the maximum effect produced by LSD is 30-50% of that of serotonin. LSD is therefore a partial agonist, rather than an antagonist (Nichols, 2004). Antagonists block the action of a neurotransmitter, whereas agonists mimic or increase the effects of a neurotransmitter (Kalat, 2004). Conversely, LSD is a weak agonist when compared to less intoxicating compounds with stronger behavioral influences. Therefore it is thought that LSD must either activate another monoamine receptor that works with

Outline Spelling and Structure Check Essay

I. Introduction. 1. African American women are faced with the conflict between reality and their happiness. The reality is that African American women are facing unfair treatment, unjust social structure, and racism in a society that consists of white people as the majority. They will be able to achieve happiness and acceptance when they are treated just as the white people are treated, when respect to the African American race is recognized, and when they are provided more opportunities and not discriminated just because of their color. 2. Elise Jonson McDougald wrote the essay entitled â€Å"The Task of Negro Womanhood† for all African America women. 3. In the novel Passing by Nella Larsen, two characters, Irene and Clare, demonstrated the problems of African American women outlined in McDougal’s essay. 4. Looking at the two characters, we analyze what â€Å"passing† truly means. We also look at why the women pass off as a white person, how they are doing this, and what results do they get. Only after can we find the solution for the two women’s happiness in the McDougald essay. 1. Clare desires for the outside beauty. She gives importance to material things. She deceives her husband when she passes off as a white person when the truth is, she belongs to the African American race. She gets what she has dreamed of all of her life. However, she is not happy because of her lies and not knowing where to place herself in society. 2. She felt lonely, as she could not relate her problem to her husband. She then meets her old friend, Irene, whom she started to compare herself with. As a result, she realizes that material things are not essential in life and that family and identity are the more important things that she has to think about. Ultimately, her lying leads to her death. 2. For Irene, family is more important. She has the right moral values. When she met Clare, she also started to compared herself with the other woman. She felt inferior to Clare and worried living as   a true African American woman. She forced her husband to be a doctor and regret not â€Å"passing.† As a consequence, she lost her husband’s trust when she sat back and let Clare die. 3. The two women fail to live a happy life. McDougald gave each other solutions to their misery. 4. Conclusion.  McDougald emphasizes the beauty and importance of African American women’s identity. What does the color â€Å"black† for African American mean? Black color is the African American’s racial stem. They have to understand first about their race and their history, and then we can change problems that they deal with from the society. In the novel, both women

Gender Socialization Essay

Gender socialization has been portrayed on television shows for many, many years. Gender messages are so common that we often do not even realize that it is happening. Henslin (2009) explains gender as, â€Å"the attitudes and behaviors that are expected of us because we are a male or a female† (p. 76). In television, these gender messages start as early as toddler cartoons, to high school sit coms, and all the way to soap operas geared towards an older crowd. I have watched the television show Sons of Anarchy for many years and gender socialization is very evident in every episode. The majority of every episode involves a motorcycle gang, causing the show to be very male oriented. They are a very respected group due to them having the persona of a motorcycle rider who carries guns and is not afraid to stand up and fight for their fellow riders or family members. Regardless of some of the men being married it is an all male club, and the wives are not considered members. The women are given the typical female role and go to work and stay at home taking care of the children. If ever their is a serious problem with a rival motorcycle gang the men ship their wives and children off to a hotel or somewhere safe and the men stick around and protect their club house and their families knowing they are somewhere safe. They do not allow women into the club because they do not think that they would be able to protect themselves. The men do not think that it is appropriate for the women to be in the middle of all of the fighting and the drug trafficking. They want them at home with the kids where they know that their family is out of the immediate danger. In this particular show the women are expected not to stray from their role while the men are free to do whatever they want or need. Another popular show that I have recently started watching is Revolution. This is the first season and in the first episode their is a world wide black out and they are showing how one area of the United States is functioning fifteen years later, still without power. There are big examples of how males and females are being portrayed differently as well as similarly. In the beginning they show the women home schooling the children while the men are out hunting for food. However their is one girl that likes to go out hunting but rarely comes home with anything that they can eat. Later on in the show, two females and a male end up leaving the small community to go find one of their members that got taken away. They head to Chicago to find a guy that is supposed to help them get their missing member back. At first he does not agree to help them because he thinks it is too dangerous for their female to be trying to fight anyone. Shortly thereafter they all get into a brawl with a group of people and the girls prove that they can hold their own. He agrees to go with them but still questions what she can do. At the beginning of the episode the gender socialization is completely obvious with the females doing a set of jobs and the males doing the hunting and fighting. The more the season is progressing the more the females enter the male role as well. I think that the further the season gets, the more the females will be forced into roles that are not considered typical female roles. I think having females in these different roles on television sends a good message to people watching. Yes it is good to keep women out of danger and away from certain things, however it is also good not to shelter them so much that when they are put in a situation not intended for females, they are not completely helpless. References Henslin, J. (2009) Essentials of Sociology: A down-to-earth approach (8th ed). New York: Allyn and Bacon.

Book Thief Quote Paragraph Essays

Book Thief Quote Paragraph Essays Book Thief Quote Paragraph Paper Book Thief Quote Paragraph Paper Essay Topic: Paragraph The Book Thief The Book Thief Questions 1) Death explains that Lies steals books for different reasons that reflect what Is happening in her life at the time which was her brothers death. Still In disbelief, she started to dig. He couldnt be dead. He couldnt be dead. He couldnt(5. 60). Less was Incredible hurt and couldnt stand It. Death says, The point Is, It TLD really matter what the book was about. It was what It meant that was more Important. (l . 38) She steals her first book because It reminded her of her brother after he died. She steals the second book at the book burning to rebel against Hitler. Then they discovered she couldnt read or write. (7. 25) This Is also a reason that Lies takes book. She cannot read and is determined to learn. She is taught by Hans ho immediately bonds with her and teaches her: Unofficially, it was called the midnight class, even though it commenced at around two in the morning. (7. 30) Lies also takes The Whistler and The Dream Carrier to add to her collection. One reason Lies takes The Whistler to get back at alls and finally she takes the Dream Carrier to read to Max while he is in a coma. Each theft had a significance that validated her actions or gave her a memory.

Learn About the Geography of the Middle Eastern Country of Pakistan

Learn About the Geography of the Middle Eastern Country of Pakistan Pakistan,  officially called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, is located in the   Middle East  near the Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman. It is bordered by  Afghanistan,  Iran,  India,  and  China. Pakistan is also very close to Tajikistan, but the two countries are separated by the Wakhan Corridor in Afghanistan. The country has the sixth largest population in the world and the second largest  Muslim population  in the world after Indonesia.  The country is divided into  four provinces, one territory, and one capital territory for local administration. Pakistan Basic Facts First, here are the basics: Population: 204,924,861  (July 2017 estimate)Capital: IslamabadBordering Countries: Afghanistan, Iran, India,  and ChinaLand Area: 307,374 square miles (796,095 sq km)Coastline: 650 miles (1,046 km)Highest Point: K2 at 28,251 feet (8,611 m)Largest cities:  Karachi (15.4 million), Lahore (11.7 million), Faisalabad (3.3 million), Rawalpindi (2.2 million),  and  Gujranwala (2.1 million)Language: Urdu (official language) but English, Punjabi, Sindhi, Pashto, Baloch, Hindko,  Barhui,  and Saraiki are also spokenLife expectancy: 66 years for men and 70 years for women Geography and Climate of Pakistan Pakistan has a varied topography that consists of the flat, Indus plain in the east and the Balochistan plateau in the west. In addition, the Karakoram Range, one of the worlds highest mountain ranges, is in the north and northwest part of the country. The worlds second highest mountain,  K2, is also within Pakistans borders, as is the famous 38-mile (62 km) Baltoro Glacier. This glacier is considered one of the longest glaciers outside of the Earths polar regions. The climate of Pakistan varies with its topography, but most of it consists of hot, dry desert, while the northwest is temperate. In the mountainous north,  though, the climate is harsh and considered  Arctic. Economics and Land Use in Pakistan Pakistan is considered a developing nation and as such it has a highly underdeveloped economy. This is largely because of its decades of political instability and a lack of foreign investment. Textiles are Pakistans main export, but it also has industries that include food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer,  and shrimp. Agriculture in Pakistan includes cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables, milk, beef, mutton,  and eggs.  Resources include natural gas reserves and limited petroleum. Urban vs. Rural Just over one-third of the population lives in urban areas (36.7 percent), though that number is increasing slightly. Most of the population lives in the areas near the Indus River and its tributaries, with Punjab the most densely populated province.   Earthquakes Pakistan is situated above two tectonic plates, the Eurasian and Indian plates, their motion making the country primarily a site of major strike-slip earthquakes. Earthquakes above 5.5 on the Richter scale are relatively common. Their location in relation to population centers determines whether there will be extensive loss of life. For example, a 7.4 magnitude earthquake January 18, 2010, in southwest Pakistan, didnt cause any fatalities, but another in the same province that came in at a 7.7 in September 2013 killed more than 800. Four days later another 400 were killed in the province in a 6.8 magnitude quake. The worst in recent memory was in Kashmir in the north in October 2005. It measured 7.6, killed 80,000, and left 4 million homeless. More than 900 aftershocks rolled on afterward for almost three weeks.   Sources Central Intelligence Agency. CIA: The World Factbook: Pakistan. Retrieved from: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/pk.html. Dawn. Timeline of major earthquakes in Pakistan: 1971-2018. https://www.dawn.com/news/1215521.

5-Year Plans and Its Role in Russian History between 1924 and 1945 Essay

5-Year Plans and Its Role in Russian History between 1924 and 1945 - Essay Example A third Five Year Plan was also launched in 1938 to double the 1937 levels, however, this came to a premature end in 1941 when the Soviet Union entered the Second World War and the focus changed from industrialization and national growth to weapon production to support the Soviet military. In effect, the three Five Year plans brought holistic and comprehensive changes to Stalin's Russia which moved the former backward agrarian country to the class of dominant world powers. This paper examines important elements and components of the three Five Year Plans and their impact on Russian history between 1924 and 1945. Background The Five Year Plans of Stalin was a move from the backward peasantry that existed under the Tsarist regime to a modern industrialized nation under the new Communist regime (Sladkovski, 1966). The overthrow of the Tsarist regime in 1917 and the Russian Civil War led to the complete collapse of Russia's already backward systems. In 1921 when the Bolshevik consolidate d power, Lenin introduced War Communism where communes were filled with the concept of a proletariat state where the working class and commoners were to work for the betterment of the society without a bourgeois class who were seen as rich business owners who exploited the commoners. In his vision, the society was to remain classless and everyone was to work for the betterment of the society without being exploited, according to the Marxist theories. Lenin introduced the New Economic Policy to stimulate economic activity in trade, manufacture, and agriculture (Bonnell, 1999). The New Economic Policy of Lenin blended Capitalism with Socialism (Life Magazine, 1943). It permitted peasants to sell surplus foods on the open market (Life Magazine, 1943). After the death of Lenin in 1924, Stalin took over and one of the things he did was to abolish the New Economic Policy. Stalin's Motivation and Vision When Stalin took over power, he took drastic steps to reorganize the Soviet economy and social order. In doing this, Stalin built on some elements of Lenin's ideas and this include 1. A single party state 2. Single official ideology 3. Manipulation of legality and 4. Promoting state's economic dominance (Service, 2005). The plans were meant to consolidate important elements of the Soviet Union in order to attain the following ends. Stalin, therefore, used all the opportunities and power at his disposal to do so by launching the Five-Year Plans which created a framework within which the country strove to attain the four ends that were identified from the era of Lenin. By the era of 1929 and 1930, the Soviet Union was heavily reliant on technology from the United States and Germany (Jacobson, 1994). Russia needed structures to become self-dependent. In doing this, there was the need for the country to have the right structures. One of them was to be able to manufacture its own inputs in areas like steel production and in primary research.

Capstone Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 8

Capstone - Essay Example This paper also provides information concerning the ethical values of the company, and how it affects the organizations bottom line. Northrop Grumman is an American Multi-national company, specializing in the production of defense and aerospace facilities/ products. The company began its operations in 1994, through an acquisition of Northrop by Grumman. As of the year 2010, this company was voted as the fourth largest defense contractor in the world, and it employs more than 68,000 employees all over the world. The mission of the company is to be a leader in the production of defense and aeronautical technology. The mission of the company is also to satisfy the various needs of its customers through delivery and innovating high quality technological products, which are affordable (Hayden, Campbell and Cummins, 2010). The vision of the company on the other hand is to be a trusted and reliable supplier and producer of technologies and systems capable of protecting the country. To achieve this objective, the company aims to observe ethical values that guide defense contracting, promote innovation and collaboration a mongst its employees and key stakeholders. The key stakeholders of Northrop Grumman are share holders, suppliers, employees, and the company’s customers, which are always security institutions of America, and American allies. These people have an impact on the general performance of the company; this is because the company aims at achieving profitability for purposes of satisfying its shareholders and customers (Hayden, Campbell and Cummins, 2010). The company also seeks to produce high quality defense technologies, for purposes of protecting the country and satisfying the needs of its customers. Production of high quality defense technology is part and parcel of the organization’s mission and vision, and hence the employees of the